试论NGO在促进我国公共决策民主化、科学化方面的影响

论文编号:ZZ022 附任务书,开题报告,文献综述,及所有过程材料,论文字数:12476,页数:23

摘   要
     20世纪80年代后，NGO在我国兴起并得到迅速发展，它对社会发展的影响，尤其是在公共决策民主化和科学化方面，日益突显出来。虽然目前国内对NGO没有一个统一的分类标准，但丝毫不影响它在公共决策过程中作用的发挥。NGO一旦产生便会通过各种方式来积极影响公共决策的制定，促使其符合社会成员的利益。同时也不能忽视NGO在发展中存在的缺陷。
全文分为三部分。第一部分主要说明NGO在我国的发展，为说明NGO对公共决策的影响作下铺垫。其中论述了我国对NGO的界定、NGO出现的必要性及其类型。第二部分通过NGO影响公共决策的主要方式来说明NGO对公共决策民主化、科学化的积极作用。第三部分通过分析NGO在影响公共决策过程中存在的问题，来讨论如何采取有效措施促使其健康发展，充分发挥其积极的作用。
关键词：NGO  公共决策  民主化  科学化

Abstract
After the 1980s,the NGO is sprung up in our country and gets development rapidly.It impacts on the development of the society increasingly,especially in the public decision of democratization and scientific.Although the domestic NGO lacks of the united classification standard at present,in no way influence it plays a role in the public decision process. NGO passes working out coming to affect public decision-making's actively various way once producing just the meeting , make sure that they meet the interests of the members of society.At the same time the people can’t ignore the NGO in the development of such defects.
This essay aims to give the influence of the domestic NGO in the public decision.This essay would be divided into three parts.For the first part is about the NGO in development of our country . It helps for the public decision under the impact of the stage.Which having discussed our country among them to NGO is fixed, NGO the necessity appearing and their type.For the second,it illustrates NGO affects public policy through the primary way to play a positive role in the public decision democratic and scientific aspects.The third part through analysis of NGO affects on the public decision process of the existing problems, come to discuss how to take some effective measures urging whose health to develop, and make it exert good influence for Chinese politids.
Key word: NGO;democratization;scientific

目        录
摘 要………………………………………………………………Ⅲ

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………Ⅳ
引  言………………………………………………………………1
一、NGO在我国的发展……………………………………………2
（一）NGO的界定… …………………………………………………2
（二）NGO在我国发展的基本情况…………………………………3
1.概述……………………………………………………………………………3
2.我国NGO出现的社会条件……………………………………………………4
3.NGO在我国现阶段的独特特征………………………………………………4
（三）我国NGO的主要类型… ………………………………………4
1.我国的官方分类 ………………………………………………………………5
2.按照起源分类……………………………………………………………5
3.按照法律地位来分类………………………………………………………………5
   4.按照组织性质和体制分类……………………………………………………6
二、NGO在促进我国公共决策民主化、科学化的影响…………………………8
（一）NGO影响公共决策的主要方式…………………………………8
1.向决策部门提出要求…………………………………………………………8
2.向政府提供政策咨询…………………………………………………………9
3.维护公民的合法权益…………………………………………………………9
4.借助新闻媒介影响公共舆论…………………………………………………9
（二）NGO对公共决策的积极影响……………………………………10
1.为弱者发声……………………………………………………………………10
2.弥补行政部门的知识不足……………………………………………………10
3.有效地监督政府行为………………………………………………………11
三、NGO在影响公共决策过程中存在的主要问题………………12

（一）自身发展的问题…………………………………………………12
1.发展不平衡……………………………………………………………………12
2.缺乏广泛代表性………………………………………………………………12
3.自身发展的局限性……………………………………………………………13
（二）外部环境的问题………………………………………………13
结  论……………………………………………………………15
参考文献…………………………………………………………16
致 谢……………………………………………………………17

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